Culture

Presented by the Ministry of Culture

Horse-head Fiddle

For the first time, the horse-head fiddle had created during ancient Khunnu. Because a horse's head decorates where is in the highest part of the instrument, it has named the horse-head fiddle. The horse-head fiddle has an inseparable valuable connection with the Mongolian horse and Mongolians. Every Mongolian family has preferred to be available of the horse-head fiddle in their homes, and they have respected them wearing khadag and placed towards their hearthside. The horse-head fiddle is a symbol of peace and prosperity.

МFirstly, the learner should acquire the ambling of the ambler who is mastering the horse-head fiddle. The Mongolian horse is proud of the Mongolian troops, and it has been a main support for solidarity. The Great Chinggis Khaan constituted a cavalry army with two hundred thousand men and accompanied by 400,000-800,000 horses. Some historians argue that's why a core force of the Mongolian army is the horse and the Great Chinggis Khaan emerged as the force.

Nowadays, professional musicians more than individuals are in the majority playing the horse-head fiddle. Since the 1940s, musicians have performed the Mongolian traditional melody and the worldwide classical melodies and enchanted their self-skills. In 1992, The horse-head fiddle ensemble was established in Mongolia and has employed in the participation of over 30 men.

Mongolian Folk Dance

As to the derivation, some scholars consider that the horse-head fiddle was emerged during the nomads' emergence, and the Mongolian national dwell named ger. Soronzonbold. S, Music Researcher, Scientist, and State-Honored concluded that During Khunnu, the folk dance - biyelgee had probably emerged in a research paper on music during Khunnu. There was written on the folk dance in the Mongolian Secret History as Mongolians celebrated rounding trees with dense leaves and dancing in the shape of a round as having become grassless and be too bare the grass.

The folk dance - biyelgee has been included in a category of A rare or unique heritage of the Mongolian cultural intangibles and declared as being registered in the Cultural Tangible Heritage for immediate protection from UNESCO in 2009.

For the performance of the folk dance - biyelgee, a content of the Mongolian people's works, custom, typology, and living are demonstrated by the Folk Dancer - Biyelgee's emotion and its dainty dignity. However, varieties of the folk dance - biyelgee of the Western Mongolian Uriankhai, Torguud, Durved, Bayad, Zakhchin, Kazakh, Khoton, and Myangad are similar to each other and a universal typology of the existence as well as each movement has included idiosyncrasy, remained different dignity or image, and the valueness.

Mongolian national dwell- Ger (Yurt)

The Mongolians' dwell - ger has been a very ancient tradition and become a historical heritage through multiple stages of development and evolution up to the present day. The Mongolian dwell - ger has been updated, consisting of today's general typology from about 3,000 years even is still the main usage for nomadic people's life.

During the XIII century, several varieties of the dwell-ger had used. Specifically, there was named the cart dwell-ger it had an opening upper frame like the collar, movable on the cart for building and called the biggest dwell-ger or castle that is receivable foreign and domestic messengers, organized a meeting named great khuraldai, and including several hundred people. The dwell-ger is called gerluge which has been accompanied by lords or aristocrats for warfare and was in usage of war. The dwell-ger is named the grass dwell-ger that has built with the help of sharpening brushwoods, socketing to each other, and spreading the walls with the grass as well as the dwell-ger named khoshlig ger was in the shape of a wigwam.

Since the XVI century, it has transformed into the shape of the current Mongolian ger and the size of the dwell-ger was depending on the ranking or the amount of capital. The ordinary herders' dwell-ger was consisting of 4-5 walls, lords' dwell-ger is often with 6-8 walls, and the dwell-ger for the administration office of the provinces or khoshuus is with 10-12 walls. The rich families were using a smoke hole, protective from snow, rain, wind, and storm over the dwell-ger and ornamenting the roofing felt with red or dark-blue decorative frontal stripes. The red decorative frontal strip symbolized happiness, the dark-blue one symbolized the sky, and there reflected qualitative things for worshipping with various patterns for the dwell-ger decorations in connection with the Lamaism development. At that time, the poor men's dwell-ger has named the chest, the skullcap, and the stick. The chest - ger has been named the dwell-ger consisting of only frames such as poles and the opening upper frame and the stick - ger was with a pointed top, consisted of four parts. The skullcap - ger is called in which the poles have been built a continuation as purposely making curved brushwoods.

UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage

- 2021- Falconry, a living human heritage

- 2019- Traditional technique of making Airag in Khokhuur and its associated customs

- 2017- Mongolian traditional practices of worshipping the sacred sites

- 2015- Coaxing ritual for camels

- 2014- Mongolian knuckle-bone shooting

- 2013- Mongolian calligraphy

- 2013- Traditional craftsmanship of the Mongol Ger and its associated customers

- 2011- Folk long song performance technique of Limbe performances- circular breathing

- 2010- Naadam, Mongolian traditional festival

- 2010- Mongolian traditional art of Khoomei

- 2009- Montol Tuuli, Mongolian epic